Walking into a courtroom for the first time can feel intimidating. You might be nervous, unsure of what’s expected, or worried you’ll forget something important. Whether you’re involved in a custody dispute, small claims matter, divorce, or another type of civil case, arriving prepared can make a real difference.
This guide breaks down exactly what you should bring to your first court hearing and why it matters. It’s designed for everyday people, not legal professionals, and emphasizes clarity, organization, and confidence.
Why Preparation Matters
Judges and court staff appreciate individuals who are organized, punctual, and respectful of the process. The more prepared you are, the smoother the hearing tends to go. Being prepared also reduces stress and helps you focus on presenting your side clearly and calmly.
1. Case Documents
Bring every court document you’ve filed or received related to the case, including:
- The original complaint or petition
- Responses, motions, or declarations
- Any prior court orders (temporary custody, restraining orders, etc.)
- Notices from the court about hearing dates or deadlines
Organize these documents in a folder or binder, sorted by date. Use tabs or labels so you can find what you need quickly.
2. Evidence and Exhibits
If you’re presenting evidence at the hearing, bring:
- Printed copies of emails, text messages, or letters
- Photos relevant to the case (printed, not just on your phone)
- Receipts, invoices, or financial records
- Medical or school records (if applicable)
Make at least three copies of anything you plan to submit—one for the judge, one for the other party, and one for your own reference. Some courts require you to pre-mark or list exhibits; check with the clerk ahead of time.
3. A Written Summary or Notes
Even if you know your case inside out, nerves can make it hard to remember everything. Bring a concise, written outline of:
- The main points you want to make
- A timeline of events
- Key facts or dates that support your argument
This helps you stay focused, avoid rambling, and respond to questions more effectively.
4. Calendar and Contact Information
Have a paper or digital calendar available in case the judge wants to schedule future hearings or deadlines. You may also need to provide your current mailing address and phone number, especially if court orders will be sent to you later.
5. Identification and Case Number
Bring a government-issued ID (like a driver’s license) and know your case number—it’s how court staff locate your file. Keep this information at the top of your notes or documents for quick reference.
6. Copies of Communications
If the case involves another person (such as an ex-partner, landlord, or opposing party), bring copies of your recent written communication with them, especially if:
- There were attempts to resolve the issue
- There are disputes about what was said or agreed to
- You’re alleging threats, harassment, or misrepresentation
Save texts or emails as PDFs and print them with timestamps. Avoid bringing only your phone.
7. Support Person (If Allowed)
Some courts allow you to bring a friend or family member for emotional support. They usually can’t speak or participate, but having someone nearby can be grounding. Check with the court beforehand—some hearings are closed or have limited seating.
If you have a disability or medical condition, ask the court ahead of time about accommodation options, such as assistive devices, remote access, or priority seating.
8. Proper Attire and Conduct
Dress in clean, conservative clothing—business casual is usually appropriate. Avoid hats, sunglasses, or revealing clothing. Your appearance shows respect for the process and can influence how you’re perceived.
Turn off your phone before entering the courtroom, and avoid chewing gum, eating, or talking during proceedings unless addressed.
9. Questions for the Judge or Clerk
If you have questions about procedure (not legal advice), write them down and ask the court clerk politely before or after the hearing. You can also ask the judge directly if they invite questions at the end.
Don’t interrupt the judge or speak out of turn. Wait until you’re called on, and address the judge as “Your Honor.”
10. Copies of Financial Disclosures (for Family Law Cases)
If your case involves child support, spousal support, or property division, bring:
- Pay stubs (last 2–3 months)
- Tax returns (last 2 years)
- Bank statements, retirement account info, or mortgage paperwork
These documents are often required to calculate support or divide assets.
Before the Hearing: Final Checklist
- ✅ Arrive at least 30 minutes early
- ✅ Bring all required documents and extra copies
- ✅ Know your courtroom number and case number
- ✅ Dress respectfully and turn off electronics
- ✅ Stay calm and speak clearly when addressed
Court hearings don’t require perfection, but they do require preparation. By bringing the right materials and understanding your role in the process, you’ll make a strong impression and protect your ability to present your case effectively.